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Abu Sayyaf ( ; (アラビア語:جماعة أبو سياف); , ASG, )〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Al Harakatul Al Islamiyah: Essays on the Abdu Sayyaf Group )〕 is a militant Islamist group based in and around Jolo and Basilan islands in the southwestern part of the Philippines, where for more than four decades, Moro groups have been engaged in an insurgency for an independent province in the country. The group is considered very violent, and was responsible for the Philippines' worst terrorist attack, the bombing of Superferry 14 in 2004, which killed 116 people.〔 The name of the group is derived from the Arabic ابو, ''abu'' ("father of") and ''sayyaf'' ("swordsmith").〔(FBI Updates Most Wanted Terrorists and Seeking Information – War on Terrorism Lists ), ''FBI national Press Release'', February 24, 2006 〕 As of 2012, the group was estimated to have between 200 and 400 members,〔 down from 1250 in 2000. They use mostly improvised explosive devices, mortars, and automatic rifles. Since its inception in 1991, the group has carried out bombings, kidnappings, assassinations, and extortion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Abu Sayyaf Group: From Mere Banditry to Genuine Terrorism )〕 in what they describe as their fight for an independent Islamic province in the Philippines. They have also been involved in criminal activities, including kidnapping, rape, child sexual assault, drive-by shootings, extortion, and drug trafficking, and the goals of the group "appear to have alternated over time between criminal objectives and a more ideological intent".〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2011/195553.htm#asg )〕 The group has been designated as a terrorist group by the United Nations, Australia, Canada, the UAE, the United Kingdom and the United States.〔 In 2002, fighting Abu Sayyaf became a mission of the American military's Operation Enduring Freedom and part of the Global War on Terrorism.〔 and and and 〕 Several hundred United States soldiers are also stationed in the area to mainly train local forces in counter terror and counter guerrilla operations, but as a status of forces agreement and under Philippine law are not allowed to engage in direct combat.〔 The group was founded by Abdurajik Abubakar Janjalani, and led after his death in 1998 by his younger brother Khadaffy Janjalani who was killed in 2007. On July 23, 2014, Abu Sayyaf leader Isnilon Totoni Hapilon swore an oath of loyalty to Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the leader of ISIL.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Senior Abu Sayyaf leader swears oath to ISIS )〕 In September 2014, the group began kidnapping people to ransom, in the name of ISIL. ==History== In the early 1970s, the Moro National Liberation Front (M.N.L.F.) was the main Muslim rebel groups fighting in Basilan and Mindanao in the southern Philippines.〔 Abdurajik Abubakar Janjalani, the older brother of Khadaffy Janjalani, had been a teacher from Basilan, who later studied Islamic theology and Arabic in Libya, Syria and Saudi Arabia during the 1980s. Abdurajik then went to Afghanistan to fight against the Soviet Union and the Afghan government during the Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s. During that period, he is alleged to have met Osama Bin Laden and been given $6 million to establish a more Islamic group with the M.N.L.F. in the southern Philippines, made up of members of the extant M.N.L.F. By then, as a political solution in the southern Philippines, ARMM had been established in 1989. Both Abdurajik Abubakar and his younger brother who succeeded him were natives of Isabela City, currently one of the poorest cities of the Philippines. Located on the North-Western part of the island of Basilan, Isabela is also the capital of Basilan province, across the Isabela Channel from the Malamwi Island. But Isabela City is administered under the Zamboanga Peninsula political region north of the island of Basilan, while the rest of the island province of Basilan is now (since 1996) governed as part of the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) to the east. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abu Sayyaf」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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